{"id":721,"date":"2014-09-26T23:15:45","date_gmt":"2014-09-26T21:15:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.respublica.org.al\/?p=721"},"modified":"2014-09-26T23:15:45","modified_gmt":"2014-09-26T21:15:45","slug":"ligji-i-ri-per-te-drejten-e-informimit-nje-arme-e-fuqishme-ne-duart-e-publikut","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.respublica.org.al\/web\/?p=721","title":{"rendered":"Ligji i ri per te drejten e informimit \u2013 nj\u00eb arm\u00eb e fuqishme n\u00eb duart e publikut"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"images\"<\/a>Informacioni \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga indikator\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar n\u00ebse nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebri \u00ebsht\u00eb demokratike ose jo. Midis dy pal\u00ebve, qeveris\u00eb nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb dhe publikut nga ana tjet\u00ebr, ka vazhdimisht nj\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar informacion por edhe p\u00ebr t\u2019ia fshehur at\u00eb prej njeri-tjetrit. Qeveria \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb n\u00eb pozita m\u00eb t\u00eb privilegjuara, nd\u00ebrsa publiku \u00ebsht\u00eb pal\u00eb m\u00eb e dob\u00ebt, sidomos n\u00eb shoq\u00ebrit\u00eb jodemokratike. N\u00eb nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebri demokratike askush nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i privilegjuar, por ekziston nj\u00eb balanc\u00eb midis dh\u00ebnies dhe kufizimit t\u00eb informacioneve nga t\u00eb dy pal\u00ebt. Themi t\u00eb dy pal\u00ebt, sepse jo vet\u00ebm publiku \u00ebsht\u00eb i interesuar t\u00eb marr\u00eb informacione mbi veprimtarin\u00eb e qeveris\u00eb, por edhe kjo e fundit \u00ebsht\u00eb e interesuar t\u00eb marr\u00eb informacion rreth veprimtaris\u00eb private t\u00eb individ\u00ebve p\u00ebr t\u00eb parandaluar apo nd\u00ebshkuar krimet dhe kundravajtjet. T\u00eb dyja ecin paralelisht. N\u00ebse qeveria ngushton hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn private t\u00eb individ\u00ebve ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb e detyruar ti p\u00ebrgjigjet n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin nivel edhe k\u00ebrkes\u00ebs p\u00ebr hapjen e saj. P\u00ebr shembull, s\u00eb fundi qeveria k\u00ebrkoi t\u00eb merrte informacion p\u00ebr numrat IMEI, duke e shtyr\u00eb kufirin pak m\u00eb tutje dhe ngushtuar privat\u00ebsin\u00eb e qytetar\u00ebve dhe kjo u justifkua me interesin publik. I nj\u00ebjti interes justifikon edhe k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn e publikut p\u00ebr t\u00eb shtyr\u00eb m\u00eb tutje kufirin e mbrojtjes s\u00eb informacioneve zyrtare. N\u00ebse qeveria k\u00ebrkon t\u00eb dij\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb rreth nesh, edhe ne duhet t\u00eb dim\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb rreth saj.<\/p>\n

Zhvillimet e fundit kan\u00eb qen\u00eb m\u00eb pozitive p\u00ebr publikun sesa p\u00ebr qeverin\u00eb. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb n\u00eb Gjykat\u00ebn Kushtetuese diskutohet kushtetuetshm\u00ebria e zbulimit t\u00eb numrave IMEI dhe mund\u00ebsia e p\u00ebrgjimit prej k\u00ebsaj manovre, nga ana tjet\u00ebr, m\u00eb 18 shtator Kuvendi miratoi nj\u00eb ligj t\u00eb ri p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e informimit q\u00eb zbulon veprimtarin\u00eb shtet\u00ebrore n\u00eb p\u00ebrmasa shum\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha se m\u00eb par\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb q\u00eb edhe m\u00eb par\u00eb e drejta e informimit nuk ishte nj\u00eb koncept i panjohur p\u00ebr publikun shqiptar. Shqip\u00ebria aktualisht vjen pas nj\u00eb historie t\u00eb nj\u00eb ligji t\u00eb miratuar q\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 1999 (nr. 8503), i cili qendroi n\u00eb fuqi p\u00ebr 15 vjet. Por zbatimi i k\u00ebtij ligji, t\u00eb l\u00ebn\u00eb pas tashm\u00eb, ka qen\u00eb sporadik dhe i shoq\u00ebruar me shum\u00eb probleme, q\u00eb e kan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb ligjin praktikisht t\u00eb pazbatuesh\u00ebm. Ai ishte shum\u00eb larg standardeve t\u00eb koh\u00ebs. Kishte mang\u00ebsi q\u00eb shkaktonin probleme n\u00eb interpretimin e tij, afatet ishin t\u00eb st\u00ebrzgjatur dhe t\u00eb paleverdissh\u00ebm, mungonte nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb efektive p\u00ebr t\u00eb penalizuar zyrtar\u00ebt q\u00eb refuzonin informacionin pa shkak, nuk jepej asnj\u00eb lloj ndihme nga shteti dhe mbi t\u00eb gjitha nuk kishte asnj\u00eb skem\u00eb proaktive q\u00eb qeveria t\u00eb publikonte vet\u00eb informacionet m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishm\u00eb pa u paraqitur ndonj\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb nga ndokush.<\/p>\n

Arsyet e m\u00ebsip\u00ebrme e b\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb pashmangshme nevoj\u00ebn p\u00ebr diskutimin e nj\u00eb drafti t\u00eb ri, t\u00eb cilin e propozoi shoq\u00ebria civile (me nism\u00ebn e Fondacionit Shoq\u00ebria e Hapur p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb) dhe q\u00eb mazhoranca aktuale e pa t\u00eb arsyeshme t\u00eb mos rezistoj\u00eb dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrkrah\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb nevoj\u00eb t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb, aq m\u00eb tep\u00ebr kur ligji synon t\u00eb d\u00ebmtoj\u00eb keqb\u00ebr\u00ebsit e veshur me funksione shtet\u00ebrore dhe jo vet\u00eb funksionimin e shtetit.<\/p>\n

Megjith\u00ebse n\u00eb k\u00ebto dy dekada kemi p\u00ebrjetuar nj\u00eb revolucion t\u00eb legjislacionit n\u00eb shum\u00eb fusha, liria e informimit e gjeti me shum\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi rrug\u00ebn drejt efektivitetit. Lobimi mes shoq\u00ebris\u00eb civile dhe qeverive t\u00eb ndryshme zgjati p\u00ebr shum\u00eb vjet pa nd\u00ebrprerje p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur n\u00eb fund q\u00eb sot t\u00eb kemi nj\u00eb arm\u00eb t\u00eb fuqishme n\u00eb dor\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar si funksionon shteti, p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrfituar sh\u00ebrbime m\u00eb t\u00eb mira publike dhe mbi t\u00eb gjitha p\u00ebr t\u00eb ushtruar trysnin\u00eb e k\u00ebrkimit t\u00eb llogaris\u00eb nga funksionar\u00ebt e zgjedhur dhe t\u00eb em\u00ebruar.<\/p>\n

Ligji i ri, ndon\u00ebse duket fillimisht si i bazuar n\u00eb modelin paternalist t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb hapur, me n\u00eb qend\u00ebr qeverin\u00eb q\u00eb vendos se \u00e7far\u00eb duhet t\u00eb dime, ka p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb gjer\u00ebsisht edhe lirin\u00eb e informimit. Duke zgjeruar hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e liris\u00eb s\u00eb informimit skemat proaktive t\u00eb botimit nuk krijojn\u00eb var\u00ebsi, por vijn\u00eb n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb. Shum\u00eb informacione nga ato q\u00eb zakonisht k\u00ebrkohen nga gazetar\u00ebt, aktivist\u00ebt e shoq\u00ebris\u00eb civile apo individ\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb t\u00eb interesuar, tashm\u00eb do t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb aksesuesh\u00ebm online p\u00ebr t\u2019u arritur pa kosto, me komoditetin e nj\u00eb kliku. Informacionet e tjer\u00eb mund t\u00eb k\u00ebrkohen me nj\u00eb shkres\u00eb t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb apo edhe me email dhe p\u00ebr 10 dit\u00eb pune mund t\u00eb kemi n\u00eb dor\u00eb cdo gj\u00eb q\u00eb duam t\u00eb dim\u00eb. P\u00ebrjashtime do t\u00eb ket\u00eb vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr dokumentat e klasifikuara sekret shtet\u00ebror (publikimi i tyre mund t\u00eb d\u00ebmtojn\u00eb interesat komb\u00ebtare), proceset hetimore (publikimi i detajeve mund t\u00eb d\u00ebmtoj\u00eb hetimet), si dhe t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat personale ose sekretet tregtare (publikimi i tyre mund t\u00eb d\u00ebmtoj\u00eb interesa personale). Por, n\u00eb rast se ka nj\u00eb interes publik m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb edhe k\u00ebto informacione do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb aksesohen. P\u00ebr shembull nj\u00eb gazetar investigativ i cili synon t\u00eb zbuloj\u00eb nj\u00eb afer\u00eb korruptive do t\u00eb ket\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb zbuloj\u00eb informacione t\u00eb k\u00ebtij karakteri, pasi ai nuk e k\u00ebrkon informacionin vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr interesin e tij personal, por p\u00ebr t\u2019i sh\u00ebrbyer interesit publik t\u00eb nd\u00ebshkimit t\u00eb fajtor\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

Me an\u00ebn e krijimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb organi t\u00eb ri vendimmarr\u00ebs (Komisioneri p\u00ebr t\u00eb Drejt\u00ebn e Informimit dhe p\u00ebr Mbrojtjen e t\u00eb Dh\u00ebnave Personale) do t\u00eb b\u00ebhet e mundur q\u00eb ligji t\u00eb pasurohet me praktika t\u00eb unifikuara q\u00eb do t\u00eb plot\u00ebsojn\u00eb boshll\u00ebqet, sidomos p\u00ebrmes provokimit t\u00eb rasteve nga OJF t\u00eb specializuara.<\/p>\n

Me nj\u00eb hap mjaft cil\u00ebsor p\u00ebrpara, ligji i ri parashikon nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb rregullash favorizuese, q\u00eb n\u00eb ndryshim nga ligji i m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm, i japin mund\u00ebsin\u00eb q\u00eb ai t\u00eb kthehet n\u00eb nj\u00eb ligj praktik dhe t\u00eb vlefsh\u00ebm. K\u00ebshtu mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrmendim afatet e shkurtra (10 dit\u00eb pune), ekzistenc\u00ebn e nj\u00eb organi q\u00eb shqyrton ankesat (q\u00eb deri m\u00eb par\u00eb nuk ekzistonte), sanksionet e ashpra p\u00ebr zyrtar\u00ebt q\u00eb refuzojn\u00eb dh\u00ebnien e informacionit, mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e konsultimit t\u00eb dokumenteve n\u00eb vend, rishikimi i klasifikimit t\u00eb dokumentave secret, programet e transparenc\u00ebs q\u00eb do t\u00eb publikojn\u00eb online pjes\u00ebn d\u00ebrrmuese t\u00eb informacioneve q\u00eb zakonisht k\u00ebrkon publiku, etj.<\/p>\n

Aksesi n\u00eb informacion dhe n\u00eb dokumenta nuk do t\u00eb prek\u00eb vet\u00ebm qeverin\u00eb n\u00eb kuptimin e ngusht\u00eb t\u00eb fjal\u00ebs, por edhe pushtetin legjislativ, gjykatat e prokurorit\u00eb e cdo niveli. I gjith\u00eb shteti \u00ebsht\u00eb tashm\u00eb m\u00eb i zbuluar dhe kushdo q\u00eb do t\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqet ta pengoj\u00eb informacionin do t\u00eb p\u00ebrballet me gjoba t\u00eb nj\u00ebpasnj\u00ebshme deri sa ta mos i leverdis\u00eb askujt t\u00eb mbaj\u00eb nj\u00eb kosto kaq t\u00eb madhe personale dhe t\u2019ia dor\u00ebzoj\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebn n\u00eb dor\u00eb publikut, sado e dhimbshme qoft\u00eb ajo.<\/p>\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht nj\u00eb domosdoshm\u00ebri q\u00eb shoq\u00ebria civile dhe gazetar\u00ebt t\u00eb ushtrojn\u00eb sa m\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb drejtat e fituara nga ky ligj i ri, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb evidentohen t\u00eb gjitha problemet q\u00eb pa nj\u00eb test t\u00eb mir\u00ebfillt\u00eb praktik nuk mund t\u00eb merren me mend n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb teorike. N\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb teorike presupozohet q\u00eb vullneti i autoriteteve dhe aft\u00ebsia e tyre p\u00ebr zbatimin e ligjit t\u00eb jen\u00eb n\u00eb nivele t\u00eb k\u00ebnaqsh\u00ebm. Prezupozohet gjithashtu edhe funksionimi i mir\u00eb i Komisionerit p\u00ebr t\u00eb Drejt\u00ebn e Informimit dhe Mbrojtjen e t\u00eb Dh\u00ebnave Personale. Por praktika do t\u00eb jet\u00eb testi m\u00eb i mir\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Ligji ka krijuar hap\u00ebsira p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar nj\u00eb transparenc\u00eb q\u00eb deri m\u00eb par\u00eb nuk ishte imagjinuar. \u00cbsht\u00eb n\u00eb interesin e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb q\u00eb ky ligj t\u00eb kthehet n\u00eb shembullin m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb arm\u00ebs s\u00eb dhuruar publikut p\u00ebr t\u00eb luftuar pik\u00ebrisht fabrikuesin e vet, me q\u00ebllim pastrimin e tij nga \u00e7do qeliz\u00eb e korruptuar.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb epok\u00eb e re ka nisur, nj\u00eb epok\u00eb kur qeveria \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb transparente se kurr\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb. E vetmja gj\u00eb q\u00eb na duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb sa m\u00eb shum\u00eb pyetje dhe t\u00eb mos mbetemi pasiv\u00eb, n\u00eb var\u00ebsin\u00eb e atij versioni fakteve q\u00eb serviret nga z\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsit. E v\u00ebrteta nuk ka nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr z\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebs, ajo b\u00ebrtet vet\u00eb kur e rr\u00ebmben dhe e sheh n\u00eb sy.